Cervical Screening Coverage Rate in Victoria (Jan 2018 - Dec 2024)
1. Definition:
Cervical cancer screening five-year coverage rates in calendar years is calculated using:
- Numerator: Number of participants aged 25-74 who had at least one HPV test or cytology test for any reason in Victoria in the five-year reporting periods. The five-year reporting periods are based on the calendar years (e.g., 01/01/2019 - 31/12/2023)
- Denominator: Average of Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) estimated resident population (ERP) over five-year reporting periods, adjusted for hysterectomy fractions and active Compass trial participants in Victoria.
NOTE: Currently national reporting of coverage rates does not adjust for Compass trial participants (compasstrial.org.au)
2. Data source:
2019-2023 & 2020-2024 five-year interval coverage numerator data: NCSR Raw Data Extract (RDE) released Jul 2025.
2018-2022 five-year interval coverage numerator data: NCSR Raw Data Extract (RDE) released Nov 2024.
The ERP data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics were final estimates from 2018 to 2021, revised estimates for 2022 to 2023 and preliminary for 2024.
3. Count is of women, not Cervical Screening Tests (CSTs).
4. The table provides the percentage of women screened as a proportion of the eligible female population (crude rate).
5. Methodology for calculating coverage:
a. Join the HPV Cytology Data Items and Person tables from the Raw Data Extract (RDE) using Registry Reference Number (RRN) as a key.
b. Filter tests on date of procedure for the periods needed i.e., 01 Jan 2018 - 31 Dec 2022, 01 Jan 2019 - 31 Dec 2023 and 01 Jan 2020 - 31 Dec 2024.
c. Calculate the age at the time of the episode by finding the difference in years between the date of birth and the date of the procedure.
d. Filter tests of participants with an age at test between the ages of 25-74.
e. Select eligible tests (HPV, HPV + LBC, LBC):
If HPV test collection method = 2 (Self-collection) OR
If HPV test collection method = 1 (Practitioner-collected sample) AND if HPV test specimen site = B1-Cervical or B0-Not stated OR
If Cervical Screening Tests (CSTs) with a Cytology endocervical (glandular) cytology cell analysis is not equal to E- Not applicable: vault smear/previous hysterectomy
f. Allocate a postcode at the time of the episode. Join dataset with Address Link table using HPV Cytology ID as a key. Then link the outcome with the Address table using Address ID as a key.
g. Reallocate some postcodes based on the address details (for instance, PO boxes were allocated to the suburb of the address).
h. Reallocate some postcodes based on the address details (for instance PO boxes were allocated to the suburb of the address).
i. Include only Victorian postcodes.
j. Sort eligible tests by Date of procedure (oldest to newest)
k. For each period, select one test per client - the first test of the period (i.e. remove duplicates by Registry Reference Number)
l. Hysterectomy fractions for the target age group 25 - 74 were applied to the ERP. Sourced from the AIHW National Cervical Screening Program monitoring report 2019 (page 71):
https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/fcacac12-cd05-4325-88bc-5529a61b53f3/aihw-can-132.pdf?v=20230605165635&inline=true
m. All women currently participating in the Compass trial* are not included and therefore these Compass women were deducted from the eligible population.
(i.e. Compass women currently in the Compass trial are deducted from the ERP that had Hysterectomy fractions applied)
n. For women that have exited the Compass trial, they were removed from the Compass list and counted in the eligible population for cervical screening.
* Compass trial is a clinical trial comparing two and a half-yearly Pap test screening with five yearly HPV DNA screening.
The Compass pilot study commenced recruitment in October of 2013 and the Main trial commenced recruitment in January of 2015.
From October 2022, Compass participants have started to exit the program. Those that leave the trial become eligible to participate in the National Cervical Screening Program.
http://www.compasstrial.org.au/
6. The mapping of the data for Local Government Areas (LGAs) is based on concordances consistent with the ABS Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).
Coverage data by Local Public Health Unit (LPHU) are calculated as an aggregate of LGAs as per LGA to LPHU concordance table provided by the Department of Health in Sep 2022.
7. During the COVID-19 pandemic, local public health units (LPHUs) were created to oversee local cases and outbreaks of COVID-19.
As of July 2022, the nine LPHUs (three metropolitan and six regional) have expanded their roles to include disease prevention, population health, and the investigation and response to notifiable conditions.
They are now tasked with managing local cases and outbreaks for more than 30 notifiable conditions.
Metropolitan LPHUs include: North Eastern Public Health Unit, South East Public Health Unit, Western Public Health Unit
Regional LPHUs include: Barwon South West, Goulburn Valley, Gippsland, Grampians, Ovens Murray, Loddon Mallee
8. Geocoding and validation of addresses were completed using the Experian Address Validation tool, using the Australia Post Postal Address File as the reference dataset.
9. The Local Government Area (LGA) data in this report was derived using the following methods:
- For street addresses where the Experian Address Validation result indicated a high-quality match and Local Government Area (LGA) was populated by Experian, that LGA data is presented in this report.
- For addresses which had a low-quality match, could not be matched, and were PO Boxes or were missing LGA from Experian, postcode was converted to LGA based on the following concordances:
ASGS Geographic Correspondences Table 3 of file named CG_POSTCODE_2024_LGA_2024, which is a 2016 Mesh Block population weighted correspondence file.
Source: www.data.gov.au
Search for: ABS ASGS Correspondences
Click on: ASGS Geographic Correspondences (2021)
Download: ASGS Edition 3 (2021) Correspondence Files (ZIP)
File name: CG_POSTCODE_2024_LGA_2024
Postcodes not listed in concordances were mapped manually.
Participants with Victorian postcodes mapped to LGAs outside Victoria were excluded from LGA and LPHU tables and therefore overall totals may not align with state totals.
10. The Primary Health Network (PHN) data in this report was derived using the following methods:
- For street addresses where the Experian Address Validation result indicated a high-quality match and longitude, and latitude were populated by Experian, longitude, and latitude were converted to Statistical Area 1 (SA1) based on the following ABS shapefile:
Source: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/standards/australian-statistical-geography-standard-asgs-edition-3/jul2021-jun2026/access-and-downloads/digital-boundary-files
Download: Statistical Areas Level 1 - 2021 - Shapefile
File name: SA1_2021_AUST_GDA2020.shp
SA1 was then converted to PHN based on the following concordances:
Primary Health Networks (PHN) (2023) – Statistical Area Level 1 (2021)
Source: www.data.gov.au
Search for: Primary Health Networks (PHN) concordance files
Click on: Primary Health Networks (PHN) concordance files
Download: Primary Health Networks (PHN) (2023) – Statistical Area Level 1 (2021)
- For addresses which had a low-quality match, could not be matched, were PO Boxes or were missing longitude and latitude from Experian, postcode was converted to PHN based on the following concordances:
Primary Health Networks (PHN) (2023) – Postal Areas (2021)
Source: www.data.gov.au
Search for: Primary Health Networks (PHN) concordance files
Click on: Primary Health Networks (PHN) concordance files
Download: Primary Health Networks (PHN) (2023) – Postal Areas (2021)
Postcodes not listed in concordances were mapped manually.
- Please note that due to rounding, overall total may not align with state totals.
11. Primary Health Networks (PHNs) are independent organisations that are funded by the Australian Government to oversee primary health care in their respective regions.
PHNs evaluate the health needs of their communities and commission services to ensure that individuals can access coordinated care when and where it's needed.
There are 6 Primary Health Network (PHN) regions in Victoria.
Metropolitan PHNs include: Eastern Melbourne, North Western Melbourne, South Eastern Melbourne
Regional PHNs include: Gippsland, Murray, Western Victoria
12. Coverage rates for some demographic areas were over 100%.
There are a number of reasons for this including:
- Seasonal populations such as holiday locations can cause the number of women screened to become higher than the resident population.
- Areas with smaller populations are also subject to greater error and variability, as sometimes a little change can have a significant percentage difference.
- In addition, some women who became target age group in the middle of the reporting period, the average ERP might become underestimated while they were included in the numerator calculation.
This situation might happen more often to the age group 25-29. However, when using averaged ERP, more granular data would often have higher chance of variance due to the estimation.
13. Please note that the pandemic impacted screening services and health seeking behaviours which will be reflected in the 2020-2022 data.
14. Please note throughout this report we generally use the term ‘women’ to refer to people eligible for or attending cervical screening. However, we respectfully acknowledge that some people with a cervix do not identify as women and are equally impacted by the risk of cervical cancer. Currently only sex at birth can be provided in this report.
15. The Moreland City Council was renamed Merri-bek City Council (LGA code: 24700) on 26 September 2022.